reproduced from original documents in the library holdings of
Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA, October 2003
Copyright © 2003 by Dr. David C. Bossard
Zoology Part LI
REPORT On the ASTEROIDEA (Starfish)
collected by H.M.S. CHALLENGER
during the years 1873-1876.

By W. Percy Sladen, F.LS., &c.

(The Manuscript was received in Instalments between 15th March 1886 and 21st January 1889.)
This report was published in Volume XXX of the Challenger series of reports.

HYMENASTER Nobilis Wyville Thomson
HYMENASTER Nobilis Wyville Thomson, half size
from Plate LXXXVII

Preface  i  ii  iii  iv

Errata

CONTENTS.

I. CLASSIFICATION.

 I. History of the Classification of the Asteroidea. xvii   xvii  xviii  xix  xx  xxi

II. Reasons for Considering previous Classifications Invalid xxii  xxii  xxiii

 Ill. A Classification of the Asteroidea based on Factors of Morphological Importance xxiii   xxiii  xxiv  xxv  xxvi  xxvii
   
    Summary of Classification   xxviii  xxix  xxx  xxxi  xxxii  xxxiii  xxxiv  xxxv  xxxvi  xxxvii  xxxviii  xxxix

    Synopsis of the Orders and Families of the Sub-Class Euasteroidea    xl  xli  xlii  xliii

II. DESCRIPTION OF GENERA AND SPECIES.

 Order PHANEROZONIA  1
    Family ARCHASTERIDÆ 1  001  002  003

        Subfamily PARARCHASTERINÆ 4
            Genus Pararchaster, Sladen 4  004  005  006  007  008  009  010  011  012  013  014  015  016  017  018  019  020  021  022
            Genus Pontaster, Sladen 23  023  024  025  026  027  028  029  030  031  032  033  034  035  036  037  038  039  040  041  042  043  044  045  046  047  048  049  050  051  052  053  054  055  056  057  058  059

        Subfamily PLUTONASTERINÆ 60
            Genus Dytaster, Sladen 60  060  061  062  063  064  065  066  067  068  069  070  071  072  073  074  075  076  077  078  079  080
            Genus Plutonaster, Sladen 81  081  082  083  084  085  086  087  088  089  090  091  092  093  094  095  096  097  098  099  100
                Subgenus Tethyaster, nov. 101  101
            Genus Lonchotaster, Sladen 102  102  103  104  105  106  107  108
        Subfamily PSEUDAROHASTERINÆ 109
            Genus Pseudarchaster, Sladen 109  109  110  111  112  113  114  115
            Genus Aphroditaster, Sladen 116  116  117  118  119
        Subfamily ARCHASTERINÆ 120
            Genus Archaster (Müller and Troschal), emend. 120  120  121  122  123  124
    Family PORCELLANASTERIDÆ 125  125  126  127  128
        Subfamily PORCELLANASTERINA 129
            Genus Porcellanaster, Wyville Thomson 129  129  130  131  132  133  134  135  136  137  138  139  140  141  142  143  144  145  146  147  148
            Genus Styracaster, Sladen 149  149  150  151  152  153
            Genus Hyphalaster, Sladen 154  154  155  156  157  158  159  160  161  162  163  164  165  166
           
dorsal
profile
ventral
HYPHALASTER Hyalinus, n. sp.
Dorsal
 HYPHALASTER Hyalinus, n. sp.
Profile
 HYPHALASTER Hyalinus, n. sp.
Ventral

From Plate XXVI.
           
            Genus Thorocaster, Sladen 167  167  168  169
        Subfamily CTENODISCINÆ 170
            Genus Ctenodiscus, Müller and Troschal 170  170  171  172  173
dorsal  
ventral  
Ventral  
CTENODISCUS Australis, Lütken
Dorsal
 CTENODISCUS Australis, Lütken
Ventral
 CTENODISCUS Procurator, n. sp.
Ventral

From Plate XXX

    Family ASTROPECINIDÆ 174  174
        Subfamily ASTROPECTININÆ 175
            Genus Craspidaster, n. gen. 175  175  176  177  178  179  180  181
            Genus Leptoptychaster, Smith. 182   182  183  184  185  186  187  188  189  190  191
            Genus Moiraster, n. gen. 192  192
            Genus Astropecten, Linck 193  193  194  195  196  197  198  199  200  201  202  203  204  205  206  207  208  209  210  211  212  213  214  215  216  217  218  219  220
            Genus Psilaster, Sladen 221  221  222  223  224  225  226  227  228  229  230  231  232  233
            Genus Phoxaster, Sladen 234  234  235  236  237  238
            Genus Bathybiaster, danielssen and Koren 239  239  240  241  242  243
        Subfamily LUIDIINÆ 244
            Genus Luidia, Forbes 244  244  245  246  247  248  249  250  251  252  253  254  255  256  257  258  259
    Family PENTAGONASTERIDÆ 260  260  261  262  263
        Subfamily PENTAGONASTERINÆ
            Genus Pentagonaster, Linck 264  264  265  266  267  268  269  270  271  272  273  274  275  276  277  278
            Genus Calliaster, Gray 279  279  280  281
            Genus Chitonaster, Sladen 282  282  283  284
            Genus Gnathaster, n. gen. 285  285  286  287  288  289  290  291  292  293
            Genus Nymphaster, Sladen 294  294  295  296  297  298  299  300  301  302  303  304  305  306  307  308  309
            Genus Paragonaster, Sladen 310  310  311  312  313  314  315  316  317
            Genus Nectria, Gray 318  318  319  320
        Subfamily GONIODISCINÆ 321
            Genus Stellaster, Gray 321  321  322  323  324  325
            Genus Leptogonaster, Sladen 326  326  327  328  329  330
        Subfamily MIMASTERINÆ 331
            Genus Mimaster, Sladon 331  331  332  333  334  335  336  337
    Family ANTHENEIDÆ 338  338  339  340  341
    Family PENTACEROTIDÆ 342  342
            Genus Pentaceroe, Linck 343  343  344  345  346  347  348  349
            Genus Pentaceropeis, n. gen. 350  350
            Genus Culcita, Agassiz 351  351  352
            Genus Asterodiscus, Gray 353  353
            Genus Choriaster, Lutken 354  354
    Family GYMNASTERIIDÆ 355  355
            Genus Gysteria, Gray 356  356  357
            Genus Porania, Gray 358  358  359  360  361  362  363
059-dorsal1.jpg    
   
   
PORANIA Glaber, n. sp.
Dorsal
 PORANIA Antartica, n. sp.
Ventral
 PORANIA Magellanica, Studer
Ventral

From Plate LIX



            Genus Marginaster, Perrier 364  364  365  366
            Genus Rhogaster, Sladen 367  367  368  369  370
            Genus Lariaster, n. gen. 371  371  372  373
    Family ASTERINIDÆ 374  374  375
        Subfamily GASTERIINÆ 376
            Genus Cycethra, Bell 376  376  377  378  379  380  381
            Genus Ganeria, Gray 382  382  383
        Subfamily ASTERININÆ 384
            Genus Patiria, Gray 384  384  385
            Genus Nepanthia, Gray 386  386  387
            Genus Asterina, Nardo 388  388  389  390  391  392  393
        Subfamily PALMIPEDINÆ 394
            Genus Palmipes, Linck 394  394  395  396

Order CRYPTOZONIA 397
    Family LINCKIIDÆ 397  397
        Subfamily CHETASTERINÆ 398
            Genus Chætaster, Müller and Troschal 398  398  399
            Genus Fromia, Gray 400  400
            Genus Ophidiaster, Agassiz 401  401  402  403  404  405  406
            Genus Leiaster, Peters 407  407
            Genus Linckia, Nardo 408  408  409  410
            Genus Nardoa, Gray 411  411  412
            Genus Narcissia, Gray 413  413  414
        Subfamily METRODIRINÆ 415
            Genus Metrodira, Gray 415  415
    Family ZOROASTERIDÆ 416
            Genus Zoroaster, Wyville Thomson 416  416  417  418  419  420  421  422
            Genus Onemidaster, n. gen. 423  423  424  425
            Genus Pholidaster, Sladon 426  426  427  428  429
    Family STICHASTERIDÆ 430
            Genus Stichaster, Müller and  Troschal 430  430  431  432  433  434  435
            Genus Neomorphaster, n. gen. 436  436  437  438
            Genus Tarsaster, n. gen. 439  439  440  441
    Family SOLASTERIDÆ 442
        Subfamily SOLASTERINÆ 442
            Genus Crossaster,  Müller and Troschal 442  442  443  444  445  446
            Genus Rhipidaster, n. gen. 447  447  448  449
            Genus Solaster, Forbes 450  450  451  452  453  454  455  456  457
            Genus Lophaster, Verrill 458  458  459  460  461
LOPHASTER Stellans, n. sp.
dorsal

From Plate LXXI


        Subfamily KORETHRASTERINÆ 462
            Genus Korethraster, Wyville Thomson 462  462  463
KORETHRASTER Hispidus, Wyville Thomson
Dorsal
 KORETHRASTER Hispidus, Wyville Thomson
Ventral

From Plate LXXX

            Genus Peribolaster, sladen 464  464  465  466  467
    Family PTERASTERIDÆ 468  468  469
        Subfamily PTERASTERINÆ 470
            Genus Pteraster, Müller and  Troschal 470  470  471  472  473  474  475  476
            Genus Retaster, Perrier 477  477  478  479  480  481  482
            Genus Marsipaster, Sladen 483  483  484  485  486  487
            Genus Calyptraster, Sladen 488  488  489  490
            Genus Hymenaster, Wyville Thomson 491  491  492  493  494  495  496  497  498  499  500  501  502  503  504  505  506  507  508  509  510  511  512  513  514  515  516  517  518  519  520  521  522  523  524  525


HYMENASTER Pellucidus, Wyville Thomson
Dorsal
 HYMENASTER Pellucidus, Wyville Thomson
Ventral


From Plate LXXX


            Genus Benthaster, Sladen 526  526  527  528  529
        Subfamily PYTHONASTERINÆ 530
            Genus Pythonaster, Sladen 530  530  531  532  533  534
    Family ECHINASTERIDÆ 535  535
        Subfamily ACANTHASTERINÆ 536
            Genus Acanthaster, Gervais 536
        Subfamily MITHRODIINÆ 536  536  537
            Genus Mithoidia, Gray 538  538  539
        Subfamily ECHINASTERINÆ 540
            Genus Cribrella (Agassiz), Forbes 540  540  541  542  543  544  545  546  547  548  549
            Genus Perknaster, n. gen. 550  550  551  552
            Genus Echinaster, Müller and  Troschal 553  553  554
    Family HELLASTERIDÆ 555
            Genus Heliaster, Gray 555  555
    Family PEDICELLASTERIDÆ 556  556
            Genus Pedicellaster, Sars 557  557  558  559
    Family ASTERIIDÆ 560
            Genus Asterias, Linné 560  560  561  562  563  564  565  566  567  568  569  570  571  572  573  574  575
                Subgenus Cormasterias, nov. 576  576  577
                Subgenus Smilasterias, nov. 578   578  579  580
                Subgenus Hydrasterias, nov. 581  581
                Subgenus Leptasterias (Verrill) 582  582
                Subgenus Stolasterias, nov. 583  583  584  585  586  587  588
            Genus Calvasterias, Perrier 589  589  590  591
    Family BRISINGIDÆ 592  592  593
            Genus Labidiaster, Lütken 594  594  595  596



 
 
LABIDIASTER Annulatus, n. sp.
Dorsal
 LABIDIASTER Radiosus (Lovén), Lütken
Dorsal

From Plate CVIII


            Genus Odinia, Perrier 597  597  598  599  600
            Genus Brisinga, Asbjørnsen 601  601  602  603  604  605  606  607  608  609  610  611  612  613
            Genus Freyella, Perrier 614  614  615  616  617  618  619  620  621  622  623  624  625  626  627  628  629  630  631  632  633  634  635  636  637  638  639  640  641  642  643  644  645  646
            Genus Colpaster, n. gen. 647  647  648  649  650
III. CHOROLOGY OF THE SPECIES.

 A. LIST OF STATIONS AND THE GEOGRAPHICAL POSITIONS AT WHlCH ASTEROIDEA WERE C'OLLECTED, WITH THE ENUMERATION OF THE SPECIES OBTAINED AT EACH STATION.

 I. Challenger Expedition 651  651  652  653  654  655  656  657  658  659  660  661  662  663  664  665  666  667  668  669  670  671  672  673  674
II. "Porcupine " Expeditions --
    i.  1869 Cruise 675  675  676  677  678
    ii. 1870 Cruise 679  679
III. "Knight Errant" Expedition 680  680
IV. "Triton" Expedition 681  681
V. "Lightning" Expedition 682  682

 Table of the Distribution of the Genera of Asteroidea collectedby the Challenger in the great Oceanic Areas, showing the number of Species by which each is known to be represented and the number of Species which are common to two or more Oceans 683  683  684  685  686
B. BATHYMETRICAL RANGE OF THE SPECIES.

 I. ChaIIenger Expedition --
    (1.) Littoral Zone 687  687  688  689
    (2.) Continental Zone 690  690  691
    (3.) Abyssal Zone 692  692  693  694
IL "Porcupine" Expeditions --
    (1.) Littoral Zone 695  695
    (2.) Continental Zone 695   695
    (3.) Abyssal Zone 696  696
III. "Knight Ezrant" Expedition --
    (1.) Littoral Zone 697  697
    (2.) Continental Zone 697   697
    (3.) Abyssal Zone 697   697
IV. "Triton" Expedition --
    (1.) Littoral Zone 698  698
    (2.) Continental Zone 698   698
    (3.) Abyssal Zone 698   698

Table showing the known Bathymetrical Range of the Genera of Astertoidea collected by the Challenger in each of the great Oceanic Areas 699  699  700  701

 C. NATURE OF THE SEA-BOTTOM ON WHICH THE ASTEROIDEA COLLECTED BY THE CHALLENGER WERE FOUND, WITH AN ENUMERATION OF THE SPECIES OCCURRING ON EACH DEPOSIT.

 L Terrigenous deposits --  702  703  704  705  706  707  708  709  710  711  712
    a. Gravel, Stones 702
    b. Coarse Gravel 703
    c. Sand 703
    d. Sand, Gravel 704
    e. Sand and Shells 704
    f. Rock 704
    g. Hard Ground, "Gravel, Shells" 705
    h. Hard Ground 705
    i. Mud 706
    j. Blue Mud 706
    k. Green Mud 707
    l. Green Sand 709
    m. Red Mud 709
    n. Volcanic Mud 709
    o. Greenish Volcanic Mud 710
    p. Volcanic Sand 711
    q. Coral Mud 711
    r. Coral Reefs 712

II. Abyssal Deposits --  713  714  715
    a. Globigerina Ooze 713
    b. Pteropod Ooze 714
    c. Diatom Ooze 714
    d. Radiolarian Ooze 715
    e. Red Clay 715

 IV. LIST OF THE KNOWN SPECIES OF RECENT ASTEROIDEA 716  716  717  718  719  720  721  722  723  724  725  726  727  728  729  730  731  732  733  734  735  736  737  738  739  740  741  742  743  744  745  746  747  748  749  750  751  752  753  754  755  756  757  758  759  760  761  762  763  764  765  766  767  768  769  770  771  772  773  774  775  776  777  778  779  780  781  782  783  784  785  786  787  788  789  790  791  792  793  794  795  796  797  798  799  800  801  802  803  804  805  806  807  808  809  810  811  812  813  814  815  816  817  818  819  820  821  822  823  824  825  826  827  828  829  830  831  832  833  834  835  836  837  838

V. SYSTEMATIC INDEX 839  839  840  841  842  843  844  845  846  847  848  849  850  851  852  853  854  855  856  857  858  859  860  861  862  863  864  865  866  867  868  869  870  871  872  873  874  875  876  877  878  879  880  881  882  883  884  885  886  887

 VI. INDEX TO AUTHORS 888  888  889  890  891  892  893

 VII. EXPLANATIONS OF PLATES (see individual plates below).

 VIII. MAP.


Map of Sampling Locations
Note: Map is 26" x 110.5" at 100 ppi.
map thumbnail

Above map at 200 ppi:
Full Map (26"x10.5")

left portion (7"x10.5")   left-center portion (7"x10.5")   right-center portion (7"x10.5")   right portion (7"x10.5")

PLATES


PLATE
Click for description
 Image
Click for full-size
 GENUS/Species
 Pages
I.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PARCHASTER - See also Plate IV 12-19
II.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PARCHASTER, DYTASTER - See also Plate IV 7,68
III.

Plate at 200 ppi

 DYTASTER - See also Plate XXXII 70-73
IV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PARCHASTER - See also Plate I;

DYTASTER - See also Plate II, V
 7-19;

63-65
V.

Plate at 200 ppi

 DYTASTER - See also Plate IV

PONTASTER - See also Plate XIII
 63;

58
VI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PONTASTER - See also Plate VII 29-50
VII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PONTASTER - See also Plate VI;

PSILASTER - See also Plate XLI.
 29-50;

228-232
VIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PONTASTER - See also Plate XII 3-5
IX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PONTASTER - See also Plate XII ??
X.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PONTASTER - See also Plate XIII;

DYTASTER - See also Plate XIII
30;

77-79
XI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PLUTONASTER - See also Plate XIII 84-95
XII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PONTASTER - See also Plates VIII, IX 33-55
XIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PONTASTER - See also Plate X, V;

DYTASTER - See also Plate X;

PLUTONASTER - See also Plate XI
 30,58;

77-79;

84-95.
XIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PLUTONASTER - See also Plate XV 88-97
XV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PLUTONASTER - See also Plate XIV;

PHOXASTER - See also Plate XL
 91-97;

236
XVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 LONCHOTASTER 104
XVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 APHRODITASTER -- See also Plate XVIII;

PSEUDARCHASTER -- -- See also Plate XVIII;

CRASPIDASTER -- See also Plate XVIII;
 117;

112;

177.
XVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 CRASPIDASTER -- See also Plate XVII;

PENTAGONASTER -- See also Plate LII;

APHRODITASTER -- See also Plate XVII;

PSEUDARCHASTER -- See also Plate XVII.
 177;

277;

117;

112.
XIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PSEUDARCHASTER -- See also Plate XLII;

GNATHASTER -- See also Plate XLIX.
 110-115;

288
XX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PORCELLANASTER -- See also Plate XVIII;
 134
XXa.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PORCELLANASTER
 134
XXI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYPHALASTER -- See also Plate XXVIII;

PORCELLANASTER -- See also Plate XXVII;
 159;

138
XXII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PORCELLANASTER -- See also Plate XXVII; 141-143
XXIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PORCELLANASTER -- See also Plate XXVII;

STYRACASTER -- See also Plate XXVII;
 140;

150
XXIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 STYRACASTER -- See also Plate XXVIII; 153.
XXV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYPHALASTER -- See also Plate XXVIII; 162-165
XXVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYPHALASTER -- See also Plate XXVIII; 156
XXVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PORCELLANASTER -- See also Plate XXI-XXIII;

STYRACASTER -- See also Plate XXIII;
 138-143;

150.
XXVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 STYRACASTER -- See also Plate XXIV;

HYPHALASTER -- See also Plate XXI, XXV, XXVI;
 153;

155-165
XXIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 THORACASTER 168
XXX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 CTENODISCUS 172-173
XXXI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 LEPTOPTYCHASTER -- See also Plate XXXII;

LONCHOTASTER -- See also Plate XXXII;
 184-190;

106
XXXII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 LEPTOPTYCHASTER -- See also Plate XXXI;

DYTASTER -- See also Plate III.

LONCHOTASTER -- See also Plate XXXI; 		184-190;

70;

106.
XXXIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTROPECTEN -- See also Plate XXXVII;
 198-216.
XXXIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTROPECTEN -- See also Plate XXXVIII;
 206-219
XXXV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTROPECTEN -- See also Plate XXXVIII, XXXIX; 210-218
XXXVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTROPECTEN -- See also Plate XXXIX;

BATHYBLASTER -- See also Plate XLII;

DYTASTER -- See also Plate XXXIX;
 240;

212;

75.
XXXVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTROPECTEN -- See also Plate XXXIII; 198-216
XXXVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTROPECTEN -- See also Plate XXXIV; 203-210.
XXXIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTROPECTEN -- See also Plate XXXV, XXXVI;

DYTASTER -- See also Plate XXXVI;
 212-218;

75.
XL.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PSILASTER -- See also Plate XLII;

PHOXASTER -- See also Plate XV;
 225;

236.
XLI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PSILASTER -- See also Plate VII, XLII; 228-232
XLII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 BATHYBLASTER -- See also Plate XXXVI;

PSEUDARCHASTER -- See also Plate XIX;

PSILASTER -- See also Plate XL, XLI;
 240;

110-115;

225-230.
XLIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 LUIDIA -- See also Plate XLV; 248-254.
XLIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 LUIDIA -- See also Plate XLV; 251-258.
XLV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 LUIDIA -- See also Plate XLII, XLIV; 248-258.
XLVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PENTAGONASTER -- See also Plate XLIX; 269-272.
XLVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 GNATHASTER -- See also Plate XLIX;

MIMASTER -- See also Plate LXII;
 287;

336.
XLVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 GNATHASTER -- See also Plate XIX, XLVII, XLIX; 287,288.
XLIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 GNATHASTER -- See also Plate XIX, XLVIII;

PENTAGONASTER -- See also Plate XLVI;
 287,288;

269-272.
L.

Plate at 200 ppi

 NYMPHASTER -- See also Plate LIII; 297-303.
LI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 NYMPHASTER -- See also Plate LIII;

PARAGONASTER -- See also Plate LIII;
 306;

311-314.
LII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PENTAGONASTER -- See also Plate XVIII;

NYMPHASTER -- See also Plate LIII;

GYMNASTERIA.
 277;

301;

357.
LIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PARAGONASTER -- See also Plate LI;

NYMPHASTER -- See also Plate L, LI, LII; 		311-314;

297-306;
LIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 LEPTOGONASTER 327
LV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 NECTRIA 319
LVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 CALLIASTER;

ANTHENEA.
 280;

340.
LVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PENTAGONASTER;

GNATHASTER;

NYMPHASTER
 275;

292;

308.
LVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 STELLASTER;

MARGINASTER;

LASIASTER;
 323;

365;

372.
LIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PORANIA 350-363
LX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 GANERIA;

CYCETHRA
 383;

377.
LXI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 CYCETHRA 379-380.
LXII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PERKNASTER -- See also Plate XCVII;

CYCETHRA -- See also Plate LX, LXI;

MIMASTER -- See also Plate XLVII;

GANERIA -- See also Plate LX;
 551;

377-380;

336;

383.
LXIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PATIRIA -- See also Plate LXIV;

NEPANTHIA.
385;

387.
LXIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PATIRIA;

NEPANTHIA. 		385;

388.
LXV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 OPHIDIASTER;

NARCISSIA.
 404;

414.
LXVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ZOROASTER -- See also Plate LXVIII;

NEOMORPHASTER -- See also Plate LXVIII;. 		418;

438.
LXVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ZOROASTER -- See also Plate LXVIII;

CHEMIDASTER -- See also Plate LXVIII;

PHOLIDASTER -- See also Plate LXVIII;
 421;

424;

427-429.
LXVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ZOROASTER -- See also Plate LXVI, LXVII;

CHEMIDASTER -- See also Plate LXVII;

PHOLIDASTER -- See also Plate LXVII;

NEOMORPHASTER -- See also Plate LXVI;
 418-421;

424;

427;

438.
LXIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 RHIPIDASTER;

OPHIDIASTER; 		448;

405.
LXX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 SOLASTER -- See also Plate LXXII;

CROSSASTER -- See also Plate LXXII;
 454-457;

446.
LXXI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 SOLASTER -- See also Plate LXXII;

LOPHASTER -- See also Plate LXXII;
 452;

460.
LXXII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 SOLASTER -- See also Plate LXX, LXXI;

CROSSASTER -- See also Plate LXX;

LOPHASTER -- See also Plate LXXI; 		452-457;

446;

460.
LXXIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 CHITONASTER;

PERIBOLASTER. 		283;

485.
LXXIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PTERASTER -- See also Plate LXXVII;

RETASTER -- See also Plate LXXVII; 		473-474;

481.
LXXV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PTERASTER;

RETASTER. 		475;

479.
LXXVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 RETASTER -- See also Plate LXXVII; 478-482.
LXXVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PTERASTER -- See also Plate LXXIV, LXXV;

RETASTER -- See also Plate LXXIV, LXXVI;
 473-475;

478-481.
LXXVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 CALYPTRASTER -- See also Plate LXXIX;

MARSIPASTER -- See also Plate LXXIX;
 489;

485-487.
LXXIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 CALYPTRASTER -- See also Plate LXXVIII;

MARSIPASTER -- See also Plate LXXVIII;
 487;

485.
LXXX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER;

KORETHRASTER.
 508;

464.
LXXXI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate LXXXIII; 497-499.
LXXXII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate LXXXIII; 502, 515.
LXXXIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate LXXXI, LXXXII; 499-515
LXXXIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate LXXXVI; 507-508
LXXXV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate LXXXVI; 501-509
LXXXVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate LXXXIV, LXXXV. 501-509.
LXXXVII

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER 495-508
LXXXVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER 504
LXXXIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate XCI. 511-512.
XC.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate XCI. 517-524
XCI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate LXXXIX, XC. 511-524
XCII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate XCIII. 514-521
XCIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 HYMENASTER -- See also Plate XCII. 514-521
XCIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 BENTHASTER 527-529
XCV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PYTHONASTER 532
XCVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 CRIBRELLA -- See also Plate XCVIII. 543-549
XCVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PERKNASTER -- See also Plate LXII, XCVIII;

CRIBRELLA -- See also Plate XCVIII.
 551-552;

547
XCVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 PERKNASTER -- See also Plate XCVII;

CRIBRELLA -- See also Plate XCVI, XCVII. 		543-549;

552.
XCIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTERIAS -- See also Plate CIII. 568-581.
C.

Plate at 200 ppi

 STICHASTER -- See also Plate CIII;

ASTERIAS -- See also Plate CIII. 		434;

578.
CI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 STICHASTER -- See also Plate CIII;

CALVASTERIAS -- See also Plate CIII;

ASTERIAS -- See also Plate CII.
 433;

590;

579.
CII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTERIAS -- See also Plate CI. 570-579.
CIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTERIAS -- See also Plate XCIX, C;

STICHASTER -- See also Plate C, CI;

CALVASTERIAS -- See also Plate CI.
 568-581;

433-434;

590.
CIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTERIAS;

TARSASTER.
 573;

440.
CV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTERIAS;

PEDICELLASTER
 571-576;

588.
CVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTERIAS 585-587
CVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ASTERIAS 584
CVIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 LABIDIASTER 595
CIX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 ODINIA;

BRISINOA;

FREYELLA.
 598;

604-606;

621.
CX.

Plate at 200 ppi

 BRISINOA. 607-613.
CXI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 FREYELLA 618-641
CXII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 FREYELLA 623
CXIII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 FREYELLA 626-645
CXIV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 FREYELLA 629-643
CXV.

Plate at 200 ppi

 FREYELLA 632
CXVI.

Plate at 200 ppi

 FREYELLA 635
CXVII.

Plate at 200 ppi

 FREYELLA;

COLPASTER
 638;

648.